100 g
10 ppb
Acrylamide is a white crystalline solid, water-soluble, and known carcinogen. It is listed under California Proposition 65 because it can cause cancer, and exposure to acrylamide may increase cancer risk. Proposition 65 requires businesses to determine if they must provide a warning about exposure to listed chemicals.
Murray-Brown Laboratories uses the most sophisticated and sensitive instrumentation to determine acrylamide levels in food. This method is highly accurate, precise and not subject to interferences with a quantitation limit of 30 µg/kg (PPB).
The FDA recommends that manufacturers be aware of acrylamide levels in their products, because knowledge of these levels is essential for determining the effectiveness of acrylamide reduction techniques. This is where analytical analysis can be useful.
See also the FAQ: What are acrylamide limits in food as defined by California’s Proposition 65?
California Prop 65 offers limits of 0.2 µg/day for the No Significant Risk Level (NSRL) and 140 µg/day for the Maximum Allowable Dose Level (MADL).
Results below Appropriate/Applicable Action Level
If we report LOQ or LOD, no actionable (reportable) acrylamide was found.
Foods/Food groups | Maximum average concentration (ppb) | Maximum unit concentration (ppb) |
Almonds, specifically roasted almonds and chocolate-covered roasted almonds | 255 | --- |
Bread, including loaves, rols, buns, baguelles: | ||
a. non-wheat-based products | 100 | --- |
b. wheat-based products | 50 | --- |
Cookies: | ||
a. animal and animal crackers (sweet) | 75 | 100 |
b. thin and crispy | 281 | 300 |
c. sandwich wafers | 115 | --- |
Crackers, specifically savory crackers, including crispbread | 350 | 490 |
Potato or sweet potato products: | ||
a. french fried potatoes | 280 | 400 |
b. sliced chips | 281 | 350 |
c. all other products, including hash browns and potato puffs | 350 | 490 |
Waffles | 280 | --- |
FDA is not suggesting maximum recommended levels for acrylamide in various products at this time. They recommend that manufacturers be aware of acrylamide levels in their products, because knowledge of these levels is essential for determining the effectiveness of acrylamide reduction techniques.
The Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment (OEHHA), the lead agency that implements California’s Proposition 65 (Prop 65), recently finalized a regulation that addresses when acrylamide in cooked or heat processed foods creates an exposure requiring a warning under Prop 65.
The new regulation, effective April 1, 2023, clarifies what constitutes an “exposure” to acrylamide from cooked or heat-processed food.
As a general matter and for all types of foods, acrylamide formed by cooking or heat processing does not create an “exposure” requiring a warning if a manufacturer has reduced the acrylamide to the “lowest level currently feasible” by employing practices recommended in the Codex Code of Practice for the Reduction of Acrylamide in Foods.
Products in these categories that contain acrylamide at or below the specified levels do not require a warning, regardless of the production processes employed by the manufacturer. These levels are deemed the “lowest level currently feasible”; no further evidence from the manufacturer is necessary. Apart from the level for bread, OEHHA drew these safe harbor levels from prior court-approved Prop 65 settlements.
Two additional provisions are included in the new regulation:
Foods/Food groups | Maximum average concentration (ppb) | Maximum unit concentration (ppb) |
Almonds, specifically roasted almonds and chocolate-covered roasted almonds. | 255 | --- |
Bread, including loaves, rolls, buns, baguettes: | ||
a. non-wheat-based products | 100 | --- |
b. wheat-based products | 50 | --- |
Cookies: | ||
a. animal and animal crackers (sweet) | 75 | 100 |
b. thin and crispy | 281 | 300 |
c. sandwich wafers | 115 | --- |
Crackers, specifically savory crackers, including crispbread | 350 | 490 |
Potato or sweet potato products: | ||
a. french fried potatoes | 280 | 400 |
b. sliced chips | 281 | 350 |
c. all other products, including hash browns and potato puffs | 350 | 490 |
Waffles | 280 | --- |
The predominant analytical methods for acrylamide determination are highly sensitive, expensive and time-consuming. Also, because acrylamide can vary significantly between identically prepared products, extensive sampling may be required to detect the effects of process changes. One approach to reducing analytical testing is to identify a characteristic that can be monitored as a proxy for acrylamide, such as color or moisture, and calibrate variation in this characteristic to analytically determined acrylamide levels. To be effective, such analysis may need to be performed on a product-by-product basis.
Source: U.S. Food and Drug Administration. (2016). Guidance for industry: Acrylamide in foods. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. https://www.fda.gov/FoodGuidances
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